Baroque music is a period or style of Western art music composed from approximately 1600 to 1750. This era followed the Renaissance music era, and was followed in turn by the Classical era. Baroque music forms a major portion of the «classical music» canon, and is now widely studied, performed, and listened to. Key composers of the Baroque era include Johann Sebastian Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, Claudio Monteverdi, Domenico Scarlatti, Alessandro Scarlatti, Henry Purcell, Georg Philipp Telemann, Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Marc-Antoine Charpentier, Arcangelo Corelli, Tomaso Albinoni, François Couperin, Giuseppe Tartini, Heinrich Schütz, Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, Dieterich Buxtehude, and Johann Pachelbel.
The Baroque period saw the creation of common-practice tonality, an approach to writing music in which a song or piece is written in a particular key; this kind of arrangement has continued to be used in almost all Western popular music. During the Baroque era, professional musicians were expected to be accomplished improvisers of both solo melodic lines and accompaniment parts. Baroque concerts were typically accompanied by a basso continuo group (comprising chord-playing instrumentalists such as harpsichordists and lute players improvising chords from a figured bass part) while a group of bass instruments—viol, cello, double bass—played the bassline. A characteristic Baroque form was the dance suite. While the pieces in a dance suite were inspired by actual dance music, dance suites were designed purely for listening, not for accompanying dancers.
During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation (typically improvised by performers), made changes in musical notation (the development of figured bass as a quick way to notate the chord progression of a song or piece), and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established the mixed vocal/instrumental forms of opera, cantata and oratorio and the instrumental forms of the solo concerto and sonata as musical genres. Many musical terms and concepts from this era, such as toccata, fugue and concerto grosso are still in use in the 2010s. Dense, complex polyphonic music, in which multiple independent melody lines were performed simultaneously (a popular example of this is the fugue), was an important part of many Baroque choral and instrumental works.
The term «baroque» comes from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning «misshapen pearl». Negative connotations of the term first occurred in 1734, in a criticism of an opera by Jean-Philippe Rameau, and later (1750) in a description by Charles de Brosses of the ornate and heavily ornamented architecture of the Pamphili Palace in Rome; and from Jean Jacques Rousseau in 1768 in the Encyclopédie in his criticism of music that was overly complex and unnatural. Although the term continued to be applied to architecture and art criticism through the 19th century, it was not until the 20th century that the term «baroque» was adopted from Heinrich Wölfflins art-history vocabulary to designate a historical period in music.
From the Festival d’Ambronay, 2012
Contralto Nathalie Stutzmann conducts violinist Satomi Watanabe and Orfeo 55
Johann Sebastian Bach — Saint Matthew Passion «Ebarme Dich, mein Gott» BWV 244
A coproduction of
Ozango — Le Festival d’Ambronay
with the participation of France Télévisions
in association with M_Media
with the support of Centre National du Cinéma et de limage animée
More than 3,5 hours of the most famous and recognizable classical music recordings.The best of classical music for studying, reading, relaxing and (most of all) enjoying!
Tracklist:
0:00 P.I. Tchaikovsky – Swan Lake, Act II: No.10 Scene (Moderato)
02:42 Edvard Grieg – Morning Mood
06:22 Ludwig van Beethoven – Für Elise (Bagatelle No.25 in A minor)
08:51 Frederic Chopin — Nocturne in C-sharp minor
12:56 Georges Bizet — Habanera («Lamour est un oiseau rebelle»)
14:58 W.A. Mozart — Rondo alla Turca («Turkish March»)
18:33 Ludwig van Beethoven — Moonlight Sonata (The Piano Sonata No. 14 in C♯ minor «Quasi una fantasia», Op. 27, No. 2)
23:47 Antonio Vivaldi – The Four Seasons “Summer” (III: Presto)
26:24 P.I. Tchaikovsky – Dance Of The Sugar Plum Fairy
28:10 Federic Chopin – Prelude Op.28, no.4
30:44 Gioachino Rossini – Overture to “The Barber of Seville”
36:29 Jahannes Brahms – Hungarian Dance no.5 in F-sharp minor (fragment)
37:06 W.A Mozart – Eine kleine Nachtmusik (Serenade No. 13 for strings in G major)
42:54 J.S.Bach – Air on the G string (from Orchestral Suite No.3, BWV 1068)
45:47 W.A. Mozart – Symphony No.40 in G minor (1. Molto allegro)
51:44 Erik Satie – Gymnopedie no.1
54:56 Johann Strauss II – “Frühlingsstimmen”, Op. 410 («Voices of Spring»)
1:01:31 Frederic Chopin – Nocturne in B-flat minor, Op. 9, no.1
1:07:07 P.I. Tchaikovsky – The Nutcracker: Act I, No.4 Russian Dance
1:08:08 J.S.Bach – Orchestral Suite no.2 in B minor (7.Badinerie)
1:09:07 Gioachino Rossini – William Tell Overture
1:14:55 Antonin Dvorak – Symphony no. 9 in E minor («From the New world»: IV. Allegro con fuoco)
1:26:39 P.I. Tchaikovsky – The Nutcracker: Act I, No. 8 Waltz of the Flowers
1:31:47 Richard Wagner – Ride of the Valkyries
1:37:08 Ludwig van Beethoven — Sonata No. 8 in C Minor Pathetique, Op. 13 (II. Adagio cantabile)
1:42:08 Johann Strauss II – «An der schönen blauen Donau» (The Blue Danube),Op.314
1:49:19 Erik Satie – Gnossienne No.1
1:52:42 Edvard Grieg – In the Hall of the Mountain King
1:54:58 Frederic Chopin – Nocturne in E-flat major, Op. 9, No. 2
1:59:30 Antonio Vivaldi – The Four Seasons “Autumn” (1. Allegro)
2:04:30 Franz Liszt – Liebestraume no. 3 in A flat major
2:09:00 W.A. Mozart – Piano Concerto no.21 in C major (II. Movement)
2:13:19 Ludwig van Beethoven – The Symphony No.5 in C minor (fragment)
2:20:10 Claude Debussy – Clair de lune (from «Suite bergamasque»)
2:25:12 N.Rimsky-Korsakov – Flight of the Bumblebee (from “The Tale of Tsar Saltan)
2:26:28 P.I. Tchaikovsky – The Nutcracker: Act I, No. 2 (March)
2:28:25 Edvard Grieg — Notturno, Op.54, No.4
2:32:45 Felix Mendelssohn – Wedding March (from “A Midsumer Night’s Dream”)
2:37:46 Georges Bizet – Prelude to Act 1 for “Carmen”
2:40:02 Antonio Vivaldi – The Four Seasons “Spring” (1.Allegro)
2:43:36 Erik Satie – Gnossienne No.3
2:46:17 Johann Strauss II – Künstlerleben («Artists Life»), op.316
2:49:08 Frederic Chopin – “Revolutionary Etude” (Etude Op.10, No.12)
2:51:51 Luigi Boccherini – Minuet from String Quintet in E, Op. 11, No.5 (G 275)
2:54:00 Ludwig van Beethoven – Ode to Joy (from Symphony no. 9 in D minor)
2:57:53 Richard Strauss – Also sprach Zarathustra
2:59:14 Frederic Chopin – Waltz in D-flat major, Op 64, No 1 («Minute Waltz»)
3:01:00 Tomaso Albinoni — Adagio in G minor (attributed to Tomaso Albinoni, but actually proabably composed by Remo Giazotto).
3:04:29 Modest Mussorgsky – Night on Bald Mountain
3:11:49 Johann Strauss II – “Wiener Blut”, Op. 354
3:13:24 J.S.Bach – Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565
3:16:29 Jacques Offenbach – Overture to “Orpheus in the Underworld” (can-can section)
3:18:14 Leo Delibes – Pizzicato (from “Sylvia”)
3:20:09 Frederic Chopin – Funeral March (Piano Sonata No.2 in B flat minor Op 35: III. Marche Funebre)
3:29:33 W.A. Mozart – Requiem in D minor
3:33:01 J.S.Bach – Prelude in C major
Every composition from this video exists as a public domain or creative common content.
The fragment of Debussys «Suite bergamasque» performed by Laurens Goedhart.
Liszts «Liebesträume» performed by Martha Goldstein.
Griegs Notturno performed by Mark Gasser.
Piano versions of Mozarts «Requiem in D minor» and Piano «Concerto no.21 in C major» performed by Markus Staab.
Saties «Gnossiennes» performed by La Pianista.
Richard Wagners «Also Sprach Zarathustra» performed by Kevin MacLeod.
The fragments of Vivaldis «Spring», «Summer» and «Autumn» performed by John Harrison.
More public domain and creative commons music you can find on Musopen website.
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Provided to YouTube by Warner Classics International
St Matthew Passion, BWV 244, Pt. 1: Chorale. «Herzliebster Jesu, was hast du verbrochen» · Nikolaus Harnoncourt · Choir of Kings College, Cambridge · Regensburger Domspatzen
Bach: St Matthew Passion, BWV 244
℗ 1970 TELDEC CLASSICS INTERNATIONAL GMBH
Choir: Choir of Kings College, Cambridge
Orchestra: Concentus Musicus Wien
Conductor: Nikolaus Harnoncourt
Chorus: Regensburger Domspatzen
Composer: Johann Sebastian Bach
Spirits of Music is an unusual musical journey through the centuries, with stops on all continents. Inspired by their creators different faiths, the works on the program have a strong religious background and are moving examples of the emotional power and effect of music. Internationally renowned soloists and ensembles as Bobby McFerrin (a ten-time Grammy Award winner, he is one of the world’s best-known vocal innovators and improvisers, a worldrenowned classical conductor), Nigel Kennedy (one of the world’s leading violin virtuosos), Sibylla Rubens (has emerged as one of the most compelling lyric sopranos of her day) or the Gewandhaus Orchestra Leipzig will perform popular works from the European music tradition, encompassing Bach, Mozart and Verdi. Many magnificent examples of religious music come from artists as Kroke (playing and composing with the realm of authentic Jewish music), the Kuumba Singers (dedicated to the expression of black creativity and spirituality through song), Mari Boine (one of the most impressive folk artists of contemporary time), the Bulgarian Voices Angelite (24 women whose hypnotic chant circles the globe), Vocal Sampling (a Cuban six-man a cappella group which has been described as one of the wonders of the musical world) and the the Ensemble Al-Kindi (is currently rated among the best formations devoted to classical Arab music). With the inclusion of world music, the program will achieve a highly suspenseful juxtaposition of European and non-European music.
